The sharing economy is providing consumers with more affordable, more convenient access to shared goods and services. However, the business model of sharing economy has posed challenges for both consumers and regulators. The Chinese central government has drafted policies to promote the sharing economy while protecting the consumers rights. Due to the lack of an effective exchange of information, and ambiguity in regulatory requirements, it is not easy to achieve the goal of consumer protection in the sharing economy. China needs to take a more positive and specific role in guiding policies towards a sustainable sharing economy for the long-term.

In Thailand, there are many researches about the learning management models affecting learning achievement among undergraduate students. Those research results are either the harmony or the conflict. Most of them has not yet reached the final solution. The researches cannot be concluded about the best learning management model. Therefore, this research aims to synthesize the researches about the learning management models affecting achievements among undergraduate students by meta-analysis. The researchers used in this study were 47 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in Thailand. The synthesis findings showed that 1) the learning objective emphasized developing cognitive domains in the highest proportion. The teaching method emphasized the roles of students and most learning management media will be self-learning media. Most tools used in measurement and evaluation in cognitive domain were test, in affective domain were ethic scale, and in psychomotor domain were practical test. 2) The analysis of effect size to find the best learning management models affecting learning achievement among undergraduate students found that learning objectives emphasized integration of cognitive domain, affective domain, and psychomotor domain. The constructivism was used as a base for teaching model. In addition, teaching method will emphasize the role of students and use learning management media in the type of self-learning media. Measurement and evaluation of achievements will use authentic assessment and various tools. Therefore, this study is beneficial for teachers in designing learning management models among undergraduate students effectively.

This study aims to seek the future scenario of professional competencies for marketing communicators in the next decade (2017-2027). Research process can be divided into 2 stages. Stage I aims to explore the preliminary professional competencies. In this stage, one-round Ethnographic Future Research (EFR) Technique was used by interviewing with a panel of 30 experts in the field of marketing communication. Stage II aims to select the desired and most probable competencies. In this stage, a 2-round Delphi Technique was conducted to reach consensus from the panel of 30 experts participating in the stage I. The research results found that professional competencies for marketing communicators in the next decade composed of 67 competencies in 6 aspects. They were: I) knowledge in marketing (10 competencies), II) knowledge in business administration and social sciences (13 competencies), III) knowledge in communication (9 competencies), IV) skills in information, media production, and technology (6 competencies), V) skills in working and entrepreneurship (11 competencies), and VI) personal attributes (18 competencies). For implications, they were very beneficial for both education and industry in the field of marketing communication and related disciplines. These professional competencies should be adopted to make marketing communicators stronger and more highly qualified for boosting high productivity in this profession effectively.

The aim of this research is to quantify the impact that the implementation of rainwater harvesting will have on improving access to water as part of the water poverty index. It focuses on two municipalities in South Africa, which as a country is already classified as water-stressed. The research is a quantitative study that makes use of secondary data that was collected at a high assurance level to determine the possible costs involved. It was found that rainwater harvesting is definitely a viable option in the chosen area, albeit at a fairly significant cost, which will definitely be too high for the municipalities in question to carry. If the capital were to become available it will have a small influence on the water poverty index, but the difference it will make to the quality of life of the residents in the municipalities might prove unmeasurable. Future research should continue to focus on refining the index itself, and on exploring new possibilities and scenarios for the implementation of the index.

This research paper aims to quantify the impact on the communication model of a university incubator, due to restructuring and change in the management structure. Participants included staff members of a university incubator, at a well-known South African University. A qualitative research approach was used, along with semi structured interviews due to its flexible nature, offering the researcher the opportunity to ask open – ended questions, but also presents the researcher with the focus of a structured ethnographic study. Secondly, qualitative content analysis was used, assisting the researcher to analyse written, verbal and visual communication on the subject matter in order to gain a better understanding of university incubators and communication models. Not only did the researcher observe the changes within the university incubator, but was also a participant, due to the nature of the researchers work. The participant- observer method was therefore included as a research method. The changes in communication model was due to the restructuring that took place within the university, the impact of the restructuring on the university incubator‟s communication model was unplanned and had significant changes on the communication model. The current communication model combined with communication models from literature to develop the best possible communication model for the current situation. Even though the changes to the communication model was for the better, the current communication model of the university incubator still presents possibility for expansion and improvement.

The fourth industrial revolution would not be possible without information technology (IT). IT has triggered incredible efficiencies in companies, resulting in innovative business processes. Although IT is considered to open a world of opportunities, it is also associated with increased risk due to inter alia unauthorised access and data loss. The King Report on Governance (King) was introduced to place South Africa at the forefront of corporate governance globally and would be incomplete without addressing the governance of IT. Previous studies revealed room for improvement with compliance of both King II and King III IT governance principles. Subsequently, King IV was introduced in 2016, recognising technology and information separately, each with their own risks and opportunities. King IV also attempts to force management of companies to focus their minds on governance and not consider it as mindless compliance. The objective of this study is therefore to determine the extent to which King IV has encouraged improved compliance with the technology and information governance principle in Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed companies. As JSE-listed entities are required to comply with King IV, a documentary review on the most recent integrated, corporate governance, and/or similar reports of the top 40 JSE-listed companies was performed to assess compliance of the King IV technology and information governance principle. Findings suggest that King IV substantially improved compliance with its technology and information governance principle, although improved disclosure is necessary. This study is beneficial to the Institute of Directors in South Africa (IODSA) and the JSE to measure current compliance of JSE-listed companies with technology and information governance principles. The study also benefits international governance framework setters by highlighting that companies may be more willing to disclose limited recommendations as opposed to mindlessly stating compliance with various rules.