Local socio-economic development in Lipa City has increased in the last few years. Business, banking and financing, telecommunication-based firms and manufacturing plants have expanded. This study aimed to determine the level of effects of business industries to social and economic development. Self-administered survey questionnaire distributed to 565 establishments. The descriptive method of research using the independent f-test and anova analysis of variance tested the significance difference on the extent of level of effects of business industries in Lipa City. Majority of the respondents were 35 and above years old, married, college graduate, resident for 26-30 years, 6-10 years of experience as businessman. Also, majority were single/sole proprietorship, 12 years and above in the business, of 6-10 people employed, gross revenue an approximately P25,000,000 up. Assessment on the effects of business industries to the social and economic development was of great extent. The researcher recommended that businessman should act and be guided to promote common good of people to accomplish social benefits and economic gains. Demonstrate diligence in providing socio-economic benefits, become efficient by fully utilizing available materials, manpower, methods, and machines. Greater commitment to help solve social problems. Active implementation of programs for a continuous service development; promote conservation and preservation of the environment; and raise divergent opinions as to solutions to the identified problems in the community.

Knowledge work involves the creation of new understandings of nature, organisations or markets and their application by a firm in valued technologies, products or processes (Boland and Tenkasi, 1995) and commentators have noted that practically all organisations across the service, industrial and government sectors are becoming more knowledge intensive (Drucker, 1988). By that, knowledge becomes a resource to focus on and as resource, the question of managing the same is apprehend. With this challenge of managing a new, not yet clearly described area, attempts have to be made to further the understanding of the relationships, dependencies and processes of the concept of knowledge in an organisational setting. Several attempts have been made by researchers to explain the field. However, the understanding of the base interplay between information and knowledge is still lagging a practical framework to understand the crucial dependency between information and knowledge This paper will present a model to explain the interplay between knowledge and information in a practical way and delivers a starting point for a possible categorisation of information/knowledge based processes. A Knowledge-Information Relationship Model will be brought forward and will be extended through the Knowledge–Information Cycle, an explanation on the transfer of knowledge and Information. The paper will conclude with the presentation of a holistic approach to organisational interpretation on the Information-Knowledge role in an organisation.

How do organizations become order-creation and order-extinction while maintaining dynamic states of emergence and convergence in their evolutionary processes? Organization scholars have probed and debated this issue for decades. It is not until recently that they integrated linear and non-linear dynamics for probing organizational emergence and convergence through the spirit and principles of complexity science. Complexity theory not only focuses on emergence, but also on convergence, seeking to explain behaviors which are both surprisingly stable and sophisticated. Based on this, two intriguing features of complex systems are to be discussed: simple behavior at the high level emerging from convoluted underpinnings, and sophisticated behavior at the low level converging from simple underpinnings.
This paper first summarizes the relevant literature, including the comprehensive review of macro-simplicity and micro-complexity, cybernetic modernism, chaotic postmodernism and postmodernity chaos from 20 complexity science disciplines. By doing so, the paper then proposes a discipline of organizational emergence and convergence by explorative and exploitative learning, and constructs an integrative model of two-field, four-phase, eight-process adaptive evolution in organizations.The authors also integate McKelvey’s path and Holland’s CAS for depicting eight processes of adaptive evolution cycles to explain entrepreneurial processes in most organizations. While making a proposal for the emergence of social change, the authors claim that it is essential to enhance adaptive evolution cycles with Gunderson and Holling’s work on ecosystem resilience. Since the resilience framework emphasizes sustainability, the authors expect that more efforts could be expended on integrating the essence of resilience and consilience study for better realizing an “audaciously aspirational” future through the evolutionary thriving of the whole ecosystem.

The paper is to measure a regional innovation index using the data from Korean Service Innovation surveys for the years, 2003, 2006, 2011, 2012 and 2014 and examine the contribution of individual firm, industry and location factors to the measured index. The number of firms used for the innovation index measurement is 15,205 in all. Among them, 1,471 firms are located in Busan. The index is a composite one, consisting of 4 sub-sector indexes; innovation input, innovation activity, innovation performance and institutional environment indexes. 4 sub-sector indexes are furthermore comprised of 11 basic indexes.As the results, the study finds the innovation index of Busan service sectors has been below Korean average of that for all the years. This result explains well the current decay of Busan’s service industries. The study also finds the reasons behind Busan’s poor innovation ecosystem are not only inferior locational factors but industrial composition in Busan as well. The industries with a characteristic of low innovativeness are even more located in Busan than those with high innovativeness. These results suggest that Busan improve locational innovative environment and restructure to the industrial composition with high innovativeness.

Modern Balinese architecture today is the result of a long development since the early 1500s, when immigrants from Majapahit, the great Hindu-Javanese Kingdom of the past founded the haven to keep their culture -including architecture- on the island of Bali. The meeting with western culture that began in 1596 when Cornelius Houtman, the Dutch sailor landed on the coast of Bali, also enrich the local culture of Bali. Since then, gradually Bali became known as an exotic island in the archipelago. People start to visit it and the more chances is open for the meetings with outside cultures. The one thing that helped enriching the culture and architecture of Bali is Christianity, which entered the island of Bali massively in the mid-1930s. The entry of Christianity, both Protestant and Catholic is not just a superficial cultural encounters on the surface, but deep enough so as to encourage people to build typical Balinese Christian villages. The villages have grown to become the forerunner of what became known as the Christian Balinese architecture, one of the variants of the dominant architecture of Bali Majapahit. This architecture variant has not been studied yet, particularly to map its aspects, both history and the system along with its development. For this purpose, the limited field research conducted in the Protestant Balinese Christian villages, among others Blimbingsari and Ambyarsari, along with the several churches and Balinese Christian village developed after the successive pioneer. The study then tries to understand the character of Balinese Hindu village in general at an early stage, before going deeper into the traditional Christian to establish a comparison through a mapping pattern, to see the developments when the architecture extends beyond the boundaries of the village.

In the science and medical research, many animals‟ lives have been sacrificed with the purpose of producing products to meet humans‟ needs, wants and demands. Likewise in meeting demands for food and clothing, many farm animals were slaughtered erroneously and wildlife hunted cruelly. Thus, netizens and activists of animal rights worldwide has vehemently demonstrated emotional expression, against animal experimentations, animal-based foods and leather-based industries, among others, that would affect the economic growth, all around the world. Prohibiting the use of animals will not, however make the human-animal ecology better. It might even make it worse. As such, a religio-legal framework must be designed to manage the care and use of animals with faith and in a sustainable manner. Although various regulations relating to animal ethics have been issued but it is still not sufficiently holistic since it is more likely to focus notably on extrinsic aspects and considerably less emphasis on intrinsic values. To fill the lack of intrinsic aspect, a religious-based ethical framework apparently has a potential to be highlighted. The Islamic religion is selected in this study not only due to its universal nature, but it also has general guiding principles of animal ethics as well as divine laws that could be extracted from nearly 100 legal texts of the Quran and Hadith. Thus, this study will structure the Islamic animal ethics framework that will accentuate on animal care and use via content analysis methodology (descriptive, exploratory and explanatory) of the primary sources of Islamic legislation. This study has found that Islamic animal ethics is sensible and moderate between care and use; not too overprotected that it cannot be benefited nor overused that there is no safeguard against it. In trying to complement the existing rules, this framework could also be expanded for current and future animal-related issues including animal biotechnology.

Rāvana is a concept that has been neglected by the hands of archeology and history of the major culture in Sri Lanka. However, the folklore found in Sri Lankan minor culture and from India, Germany and other countries with regard to this concept, is contrasted with the information in the major culture. Although it has not been mentioned directly in the written Chronicles, there are many evidences to prove that the number of myths were in rural folklores which are related to a king of Sri Lanka who was known as Rāvana, and the concept of Rāvana or the Ten Headed man (Dasis) is emerged through the historical myths from Sri Lanka, India and other south Asian countries. Ten heads and twenty hands, which are not available with an ordinary man, are rooted in this Dasis concept. In the epic of Rāmāyana, it has been mentioned that Mahā Rāvana had ten heads. The symbolic forms which can be recognized in the folklores are also existed with this Ten Headed (Dasis) designation.The main purpose of this research was to study the hidden communicative meanings of the Ten Headed (Dasis) concept in the legend of Rāvana. The information gathered from literal study, and the existing ideologies about the legend of Rāvana in South Asian Countries including Sri Lanka, are examined in this research. And the folklore study was performed in the North central, northwestern provinces and selected regions in Sri Lanka. In this study, it concludes, that in Asian countries, the leaders and relatives who has passed away on behalf of the land, who has done a great service for the many, were treated, offered and venerated as Gods after their passing away, and the power, strength and abilities of them were represented in symbolizing, exaggerated ways by special physique.
In the Vargapūrṇikā, which is Ola leaf manuscript, king Rāvana is introduced as “Yagu Korāna Manthaka Dasha Shirshapathi Sri Rāvana”. The meaning of that according to ancient Yakkha language is “One who completed everything”. Through this research study it was founded that Rāvana and the Yakkha tribe had a profound vast knowledge about ten subjects and the remains of them are still existed in the present folklores.

Cinema is famous commonly as an entertainment media. But, political cinema genre is used in various regions of the world for analyzing different socio-political issues. During the times of 1st and the 2nd wars and the cold war cinema acted as a prominent political activist.
One of the major genres of political cinema was the third cinema which emerged during the 1960s in Latin America against colonization and neo-colonialism. The third cinema genre was active in the 1960s and 70s but faded out during the 1980s. But in the current globalized world political cinema plays a new role. Nowadays, political cinema is not a mere entertainment media which is detached from socio-political issues. Therefore, there are enough evidences to consider popular cinema as a new political cinema genre. In the 21st century world political discourse mainly focused on the themes of nationalism and patriotism. Now, in the times of war against terrorism, popular Indian cinema selected the same themes for their storylines.This study has focused on popular Indian cinema which used its tools and methods to popularize the ideologies of patriotism and terrorism. A list of 22 films screened between 2001- 2010 was prepared based on 10 website surveys, audience survey in New Delhi and Sri Lanka and Indian box office reports. Out of those films, Rang De Basanthi and Fanaa which are based on the themes of nationalism and terrorism were selected for this research paper. Content analysis method was used for analyzing the way of character building, dialogues, special visual effects, symbols, lighting and camera etc. It is identified that popular Indian cinema which has a vast audience all over the world, can be used to disseminate socio- political messages. Features of Third cinema genre can be identified in these two Indian films.

This paper addresses a critique of the concept of sustainable development offered by the new global development concept called the Planetary Project. Since the Rio Declaration on the Environment and Development (1992) many countries and international organizations have based their economic strategies on the concept of sustainable development. This concerns managing natural resources and developing solutions to global problems. However, most sustainable development ideas have never been implemented. Global problems are just getting worse. These include: asymmetrical economic growth; a gap between the standard of living in the Golden Billion countries and that of the Third World; an approaching environmental catastrophe; and hunger, destitution and epidemics. This means that the concept of sustainable development had some fundamental contradictions and drawbacks inbuilt in it from the start. The PDI‟s research team offers a critique of the concept of sustainable development that develops the concept‟s correct ideas. This critique is based on interdisciplinary research of the last twenty years and the team members‟ original ideas, which over the last decade have formed the core of the Planetary Project.
Our critique addresses the terminological, conceptual, methodological, and heuristic aspects of the concept of sustainable development. We have arrived at the Concept of Managed Harmony by looking at sustainable development through the prism of the theory of the noosphere.
We argue for a planetary integration of nations based on the preservation of their political and cultural diversity and a united ideology of anti-crisis re-globalization. This re-globalization implies global spiritual synthesis, economic global problem solving mechanisms, and measures designed to save the biosphere for current and future generations. The monograph, Planetary Project: From Sustainable Development to Managed Harmony contains the main elements of the theory. It has been published in Arabic, Chinese, English, and Russian.

Modernization is an attracting problem which experienced by the whole world. City is like a lived space, organism that keeps growing over time. Urban public space in major cities has become a complicated problem that had become a trending topic lately. The changes are more the result of the needs on buildings that in the end remove the existence of public urban space. In the end, the change of public urban space, brings some consequences on space transformation. This article discusses the urban public space experiencing that create a transformation of space, and how to use space in relation to the presence of high rise building as a result of modernity. Analysis conducted by analyzing the typo-morphological description in two buildings at Jakarta and Bandung, Indonesia.

What‟s my name? Who am I? What is it that I am meant to do? These are questions that face young adults studying in the university. For the first time in his or her young life, he is independent in a sense that his decisions are his own and his actions warrant subsequent consequences. We are all faced with the identity we are given from birth. This includes our name, our national identification number, and other forms of identification that the government can use to match person with statistics. As we grow older, we are faced with the question “Who am I,” as a way of creating self-identity and shedding the identification we are given by our parents. This includes calling ourselves a certain name, identifying ourselves as part of one family or another, or merely giving ourselves a nickname that we feel more comfortable identifying ourselves with. In this instance, our identity is growing to include a viewpoint that we hope to project. Later in life, there is a crucial questioning of “What is it that I am meant to do.” Here, the question is of purpose and how it forms our identity as a hero or a normal player in the game of life. The piercing question of self-identity that forms our aspirations and choices in life creates a distinct indication of genuine understanding of being part of the larger social community. In this paper, I will follow the three questions of self-identity using literary works such as Shakespeare‟s Romeo and Juliet, Bertolt Brecht‟s historical drama Galileo, and Brecht‟s social dramatic commentary The Three Penny Opera.

By venturing on devils‟ discussion in Book II, this paper will examine Belial and Mammon‟s perception of their state and attempts to overcome Hell by redefining their essence. West (1955) studied specifically about angels appearing in Milton‟s works. Angel‟s matter and substance was one of the most intriguing parts of Milton studies. Later on, Rumrich (1987) deals with the subject of “matter” in Paradise Lost by the concept of glory and Rogers (1998) connected the issue with social and political environment in 17th century, naming it the revolution. Sugimura (2009) thoroughly investigated on matter in terms of trial.
While reading through debates in Book II, I realized that Belial and Mammon are ultimately suggesting an identical result of “pretending to do something but doing nothing”. However, difference is what matters. I have noticed the sequence of Belial and Mammon‟s adaptation in Hell varies. Can fallen angels change their Hell by “labor and endurance” and eventually transform Hell‟s fire to celestial fire, “soft and severe”? Or is it possible to wait for the fire to slacken and then their “purer essence” to defeat “noxious vapor”? Emphasizing the sequence in way they explain, we can get glimpses of ideas surrounding angel‟s proper substance and confusion whether their essence can alter Hell‟s substance or not, which leads the discussion to crucial part in understanding Milton‟s opinion on ontological goodness, Satan and his Sin.

Asean Community 2015 makes Indonesia’s competition moved up one level within the region. This paper aims to examine the preparation of Indonesia in the face of competition from other ASEAN regional countries. Market orientation in universities is the dream and desire of each and every higher institution of learning in Indonesia. Coordination between the functions of standard colleges has become the basis for competition. Some literature suggests that among the requirements for good reputation of the college, include provision of services, satisfaction of students, alumni and the graduates of a given institution or college. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate a market orientation which is associated with quality college education standards, standards of research and community service standards are some of the key competitiveness indicators of satisfaction and loyalty. Model linkages market orientation and quality standards of education, research standards and the standards community service, supported by college accountability framework makes the competitive advantage some of the possible measures on an institution’s performance.

Getting a single or one all-embracing formula that applies to a hybrid renewable energy system is yet unresolved. What can be attempted is to consider individual source of energy in the system and then use a morphological approach to model the amalgam. This is the method adopted for the presentation of hybrid energy technology in this study. Specifically, three types of energy sources: fuel cell with thermoelectric generator, solar photovoltaic and wind energy are evaluated with the energy storage and conversion. The optimization with HOMER was used to decide sizes of the PV array, fuel cell with thermoelectric generator, converter, electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, the number of batteries and primary AC load in the hybrid system.

Research has shown that mindfulness is an important cognitive skill that energizes other cognitive abilities such as attention control, retention, thinking and emotional regulation. Development of mindfulness involves training the mind to apply attention to the present moment in a non-judgmental manner. In this context, we identify attention as the primary characteristic of mindfulness among other cognitive features. The utility of training attention is evident in real life situations such as listening to others, driving a car, conducting a medical surgical procedure, and so forth. The major hindrance to the cultivation of attention is the inability to instantaneously catch the moment at which the mind drifts away from the object of attention. Therefore, we argue that devising a method for detecting the moment at which the attention is distracted would be beneficial to the cultivation of attention. We have conducted research to develop a software framework that can model attention pertaining to a particular task and give an alert when attention is distracted. The framework has been designed to capture attention related EEG brain wave signals in response to a specific task and to train an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The trained ANN can be used to receive EEG signals during a task, and to determine the attentiveness of an individual. Accordingly, a vibration alert is sent to a mobile phone of an individual to serve as a signal for the person to re-focus attention. The framework has been used to model attention during a lecture, and an experiment was conducted to assess attentiveness of students. The experimental results determined that 75% of students were able to maintain the attention during a lecturer and vibration alert has been effectively supportive to regain the attention. Hence, we conclude that our software framework can be used to model regaining of attention in a session that requires the focused attention

Public acceptance in low energy hydronic radiant cooling system is almost none in country like Malaysia. This is due to the low awareness of the performance and benefit of such system in the country as well as higher initial construction cost. With the aim of long term energy and cost saving this study looks into the performance of custom built radiant cooling surface panel that was retrofitted in a test room located in Kuching Sarawak. In climate condition like Malaysia where only cooling is required, the radiant panel needs only to be a cooling surface unlike its overseas counterpart that heats or cools interchangeably according to the changing seasons. This allows the use of alternative low cost material such as PVC to replace the more common radiant tubing like copper or cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tube. A test room was retrofitted with PVC tubing radiant ceiling panel and connected to a chill water tank. The water was passively cooled during the night using the pitch roof as a heat exchanger to chill the water to as low as 24⁰C. The water was then used to charge the hydronic ceiling radiant panel during the day time when the outdoor temperature exceeds 30⁰C. The experiment shows that the system was able to maintain an indoor temperature to about 30⁰C when the outdoor temperature peaked to 34⁰C while providing acceptable thermal comfort. The experiment showed that the use of the hydronic radiant panel with free night cooled water as its coolant have significant energy saving potential while at the same time provide an acceptable room thermal comfort. The locally built radiant panel and easy to install night cooling rig could be an attractive choice as a Malaysian building cooling system that complies to a bioclimatic building principle.

The 3GPP standard LTE employs OFDMA in downlink transmission, which experiences severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) in highly frequency selective fading channels. The conventional MMSE or ZF equalizer is not effective enough for these channels to combat ISI. Decision Feedback Equalizer is frequently used in the uplink transmission in SC-FDMA. In this work, a frequency domain adaptive decision feedback equalizer is introduced to reduce ISI in downlink transmission. This equalizer has both the feed-forward and feedback filters operating in the frequency domain. The equalizer uses RLS and LMS algorithms to adapt the filter coefficients making the system more convergent with less execution time. In spite of having more complexity of the proposed system, CCDF measurement shows that, it consumes less PAPR to the conventional LTE system. In addition, more power and bandwidth are saved with better BER performance by excluding CP.

The damage investigation has nowadays been carried out by dispatching personnel of local governments to the natural disaster areas in order to identify the scale of damage caused by natural disasters. However, it is necessary to provide a solution to decrease the large amount of time consumed during the damage investigation. Therefore, this study suggests priority estimation process of the damage investigation that calculates the damaged areas caused by the natural disaster and estimate the damage investigation priority according to the size of the damaged area. The estimation process comprises with four steps including the preprocessing, the damaged areas calculation, the priority estimation, and the information provision. The preprocessing is to ensure that the pre- and post-satellite images of the damage and GIS thematic maps have the identical coordinate system and locational information. The damaged area calculation accompanies automatic calculation using the CVA(Change Vector Analysis), DNDVI(Differential Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and TCT(Tasseled Cap Transformation) algorithms. The priority estimation can be done according to the size of the damaged areas of individual administrative boundaries. The last step of the information provision is to provide necessary information such as land cover and cadastral data within the damaged area through the overlay analysis of land cover map and continuous cadastral maps. The priority estimation process developed in this study is expected to be helpful for more effective dispatching of the personnel of local government and supporting of early response and recovery for the residents within the damaged area. Furthermore, a follow-up study for the development of the system to operate the priority estimation process established in this study is required.
© 2016 The Authors. Published by Global Illuminators. This is an

Population and economic growth as a consequence of development activities can threat the existence of the food agricultural land. One of strategic to achieve food security in Indonesia is to ensure the availability of food agricultural land. The purposes of this study were to determine the existing food agricultural land condition in district of Perbaungan, to calculate the amount of food agricultural land required for the next 20 years and to determine the management strategy of sustainable food agricultural land in Perbaungan District. The research method used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that: 1) the farming community in the Perbaungan District generally do not apply the principles of sustainable agriculture in agricultural activities, 2) The area of food agricultural land available to fullfil food needs in the Perbaungan District was 3938 Ha. Based on calculation the amount of food agricultural land required for the next 20 years based on optimistic scenario was 2162 Ha and based on pessimistic scenario was 3332 Ha. Both results were still under actual land availability (3938 Ha), so that the food needs for the next 20 years can still be fulfilled by the land that is available today, 3) Strategies to maintain agriculture sustainability in the district of Perbaungan can be carried out by protected the existence of food agricultural land and to improve the management capabilities of farmers.