ASEAN as a single trade entity has the potential to strongly influence world affairs through its trade strength. It is clearly known that ASEAN countries are rich in culture, diverse in language and religion but have one common goal, to be united as one. Education as a fundamental human right is considered as an important and strategic in developing the human resources. The right to education imposes an obligation upon countries to ensure all children and citizens should have opportunities to meet their basic learning needs. The promotion of quality and equity in education is a common policy for countries in Southeast Asian region regardless of their different levels of development.Education as a fundamental human right is considered as an important and strategic in developing the human resources. The right to education imposes an obligation upon countries to ensure all children and citizens should have opportunities to meet their basic learning needs. The promotion of quality and equity in education is a common policy for countries in Southeast Asian region regardless of their different levels of development educational institutions and continuous university networking enhance and support student and staff exchanges as well as professional interactions including creating research clusters among ASEAN institutions of higher learning.

 The management of various processes that are related with organization’s goals to obtain the necessary goods and services needed for manufacturing a product, transforming inputs to outputs, or indirectly operating the organization is called procurement. Procurement business process at university is an important supporting process for streamlining learning and teaching process. Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia as a leading university in Jakarta has a structured system and procedures of procurement. All procurement of goods and services carried out centrally by Bureau of Infrastructure and Facilities Maintenance (BIFM). But in practice, procurement process mostly done manually. The consequences are taking a long time for the procurement process, process flow sometimes not followed procedure, and no transparency. The aim of this research was to identify and streamline the various processes in procurement business process and develop a standard procurement business process at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia using DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) method. The method was initially with documents study, observe the procurement process, including data needs, process business standard design, create database, and construct procurement process flowchart. This study resulted in a standard of procurement business process that can be used as a new standard of procurement business process at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia.

Sri Lanka’s civil conflict that affected for more than three decades came to end in May 2009 with the LTTE being militarily defeated by the armed forces of Sri Lanka. There are many missed issues that need to be addressed in the present context of Sri Lanka, especially in terms of return and resettlement process. The study focuses on the process of resettlement in North-Central areas in Sri Lanka in post conflict period. The study set out to investigate the varied factors that affected Internal Displaced Persons‟ (IDPs‟) willingness to remain with host communities. The aim was to understand factors that attracted the IDPs to remain in the host communities and places. Within this context, the study examines the nature of IDPs‟ socio-economic and political relationships with the host communities. This study establishes how these social, economic and security factors affected the IDPs‟ remain in host community/area. Out of various relevant factors, this study has especially considered socioeconomic factors. The study finds that there is degree bond which acts as pull factor for the IDPs to be more willing to stay in the host area. There is no one single reason affecting the IDPs‟ decision to return or remain but rather it is a combination of several key factors. The research for this study is based on qualitative methods, and data for the research have been collected using primary as well as secondary sources of data. There are two villages have been selected (82 IDPs families and 124 host families) for the study with host communities among the other villages in the area. The qualitative data was collected in this study through interviews, including long interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. 20 IDP families and 15 host families for long interviews, 8 focus group discussion with IDPs and host families, 4 key informant interviews. Secondary sources have been used to help interpret the primary data.

The U.S.A. obtains a hegemonic position through globalization. Neoliberalism, a competition-based approach, spreads as a new world value. Neoliberalism lets so many countries abandon social justice to adopt international competitiveness, but in lacking of public service and policy it harms disadvantaged people. Bowels and Gintis (1976) stated schools’ career replacement is direct related to the capitalist relations of production; namely, the reflection and protection of the capitalist dominant ruling class. Educational system is related to the social division of labor (Sadovnik, 1991) interlocking class and power manipulation. Curriculum is often a relay for certain dominant social and cultural values; this is a social class principle of selection. The research will investigate the characteristics of working class and their language codes which are based on Basil Bernstein’s sociolinguistic model. In the 1960s and 1970s, educational reformers emphasized teaching process, individualized learning, relevant and meaningful curriculum, student spirit freedom, and the equal opportunity. They stay away from oppressive, authoritarian, elitist, and agree to a more invisible pedagogic practice which implies more freedom. Those characteristics are quite different from the globalization strong subject classification and hold fixed standards for evaluation purposes. Under globalization, the study claims that the curriculum characteristics from 1960s to 1970s, an invisible and a weakly classified curriculum, should deeply value again not only in higher education but also in other educational settings.

In the construction of subway tunnels, the method of tunnel excavation has a significantly influence on the tunnel stability and subsidence of the ground surfaces, especially in the city which has complex ground surface structures and many underground pipelines. In Harbin Metro, one section of the tunnel which is located in the urban center adopts benching tunneling construction method with core soil. This in turn causes considerable complications in construction and the analyst has very little experience in dealing with such situation. In the present paper, numerical simulation with core soil was performed to investigate the construction behavior and settlement law in construction with ANSYS. Numerical results indicate that the influence of the tunnel construction is about three times the hole diameter range from the excavation face advancing to the monitoring point, surface settlement has maximum deformation rate when the excavation face run through the monitoring point approximately doubled diameter and the variation got through comparative analysis of the calculated results with measured data. The study is significant for the shallow excavation, supporting and strata controlling , and provides a reference for similar construction projects.

 This paper provides a comparison of the law relating to the classification of animals as either “legal objects” or “sentient beings” and/or “non-human persons”. In this paper the definition of “objects” in the South African Law of Persons will be explored. An explanation of the difference between a legal “object” and a legal “subject” in South African law will be provided. Legal research is done with the focus being Interpretative Research. In order to understand the classification of animals in South African law, the relevant provisions of the Animal Protection Act 71 of 1962 and the Performing Animals Protection Act 24 of 1935 (as amended) will be explained. Secondly, the classification of animals in the law of other countries will be explored. Examples will include France, where the legal status of animals has changed from that of “personal property” to “sentient beings”; New Zealand, where the Animal Welfare Amendment Act 2 of 2015 recognises animals as sentient beings; the legal reforms in Quebec, Canada, stating that animals are not objects and the declaration by India that Cetaceans are “non-human persons”. Implications of this research for practice may include a reclassification of animals as persons which would result in the need for changes to be made in South African law. In conclusion, suggestions are made as to whether the classification of animals as “objects” in South African law should be revised.

  In this study the possibilities and ways of implementation of virtualization and cloud solution in education in Kazakhstan are justified on the basis of studying their present state and problems. The fundamental difference of this approach from existing analogues is to study and formulate the problem solving integrated virtual information infrastructure and cloud solutions for the educational system of the state level, which is relevant not only for Kazakhstan. To realize these opportunities the project of Kazakhstani portal competencies and educational resources on the basis of the information infrastructure virtualization and cloud solutions is offered. Also the benefits and effectiveness of the project are justified and described as clear example of solving problems of the society on the basis of innovative approaches in the multidisciplinary research and practice: information technologies, telecommunications and technologies of knowledge transfer.

 Taiwan’s precision machinery equipment industry such as machine tools possess great competitiveness all around the world; nevertheless, the confidence of users is often lowered by the poor reliability, stability, and life time of the products. This study suggests that once we can select appropriate metal material and execute correct heat treatment processing for the critical parts used in precision machinery equipment, the problems mentioned above will be cleared up effectively, thus enhancing the profit and global market share of Taiwan’s machine tools. This study also focus on a discussion about the methods for training professional talent of heat treatment in the university, suggesting that the nurture of talent can be well done by the compilation of digital teaching materials, the promotion of the certificate of heat treatment, the introduction of the collaborative teaching by teachers and experts from enterprises, off campus factory visiting, and practical training in enterprises, and so on.

 In this paper, some recent work on the flow induced by an external magnetic fields acting on electrochemical cell is reviewed. Although the
influence of the magnetic field on the hydrodynamics has been studied for over 5 decades, the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) remains relatively unfamiliar to all but a few research groups. There are nearly a countless number of dimensionless parameters in electrolytic flow (bubble induced flow) and MHD, but they have been introduced for convenience by different authors. The similitude parameter proposed by Solheim, Johansen, Rolseth, and Thonstad (1989) and Perron, Kiss, and Poncsák (2006) have been modified to provide a full set of parameters for electrolytic cell operating under external magnetic field. The bubble sliding characteristics underneath an inclined plane are studied using copper sulphate solution (as an electrolyte) in lab-based-scale and discussed.

 Forecasting the boundaries of dangerous oil spills in sea and river ports areas is associated with significant methodological issues, some of them are objective. The list of such issues includes big variety of reasons of oil spills as well as and conditions of their propagation, wide geographical diversity of oil spill sources and sources of other emergencies, variety of water bodies, hydrological and weather conditions, which cause a big number of possible scenarios. Therefore, development of a technology of integrated environmental is very important. Modelling and forecasting the natural and anthropogenic processes and factors, such as shore line, river banks, atmospheric air, biological resources etc, which determine the patterns and boundaries of environment pollutions, is its key element. Novelty of this work includes several items as follows: An approach of the emergencies delineation on the water surface and shoreline, Regression model of oil spill
propagation under water surface, which takes into account its spreading, diffusion, all the other associated processes, A method of emergencies ranking based on their distribution patterns (under water, on the surface, or in the atmosphere). An example of the emergencies boundaries delineation for a river port in Nizhniy Novgorod, where the Oka River inflows into the Volga River, is presented.The Imitation Model of oil spills was implemented using software and hardware complex ‘PISCES II’ (Catalogue of computer programs and Internet information related to responding to oil spill (MEPC 367) IMO). Statistical analysis was performed using ‘Statistica 8.0’ software. The information base for the study has been compiled using an electronic mapping system, manufactured by TRANSAS company, as well as certain hydrometeorological characteristics obtained from atlases of the Unified Deep Water System of Russia (UDWS).

Sacred art is the most fundamental aspect of traditional art, which its survival is directly dependent on the survival of religion, and this link is persistent even after the weakening and decline of traditional society structure. Sacred orders are the manifestation of superior worlds in sensual and material realms of the existence. The origin of the issuance of sacred order is the spiritual realm, which is higher and beyond mental or sensual realms, as in Islamic teachings, the former is related to “spirit” and the latter is related “ego.” Sacred architecture, as one of the main carriers of spiritual arts, has a distinct place and status in the society. Studying principles and characteristics, along with the identification of beneficial patterns in the position of sacred art is the target of this study. The methodology of this research is mainly cross – sectional, and it is primarily based on the literature’s documents. Also, interviewing with the experts of the field has benefited us in our quest. The question we are trying to find an answer is that which values and characteristics has put a divinity manifestation on the architecture and makes it transcendent. It can be argued that the very relation between human, universe and architecture is the promised necessity to understanding Islamic architecture.

 This study is aimed at investigating the English learning needs of the 229 surveyed Sophomore-year Non-English major students in a Technology University in Taiwan through gathering their opinions or attitudes toward English for Specific Purposes. The instrument used for the survey is a questionnaire based on literature review. The results of this study has revealed that: (1) the ESP instruction at issue should focus on communication skills; (2) ESP instructors should enhance their English-teaching competency and subject content knowledge; (3) Increasing learning motivation is also one of the crucial factors that contribute to the success of an ESP course; (4) ESP instructors have to remain flexible and always engage themselves in continuing professional ESP teaching developments in; (5) ESP instructors had better work in cooperation with the experts or professional from the related ESP fields.

The prime purpose of the research was to study the preferred communication media, tools and platforms of the primary and secondary markets of Centro Escolar University as critical bases to enhance the University marketing communications plan.Specifically, the study determined the preferences of high school students, the primary market and high school officials and parents or guardians, the secondary market, in terms of advertising, personal selling, sales promotion and public relations activities; described the differences in the marketing communication preferences considering the gender, age, civil status, educational attainment and income of the target market; and identified problems experienced in the use of varied communication channels and tools in terms of message, visual execution, and choice, frequency and reach of advertisements to be able to put forward critical bases to enhance the University marketing communications plan.Percentage and ranking, weighted mean, standard deviation, analysis of variance and t-test were used to interpret the data collated. The results of the study show that the primary and secondary markets of CEU still preferred advertisements in the tri-media as well as, electronic and transit ads, they also welcomed and enjoyed sales promotions and public relation tools and activities; the difference in media, tools and platforms preferences of the target markets was significant ranging from low to high; both primary and secondary markets experienced problems on clarity and originality of advertisement message, proper elements organization and presentation in advertisement as well as on frequency of ad placements and accuracy and completeness of promotions information; consequently, critical bases to enhance the University marketing communications plan were presented.

 

For traditional craftsmen, packaging crafts products like loro blonyo remains unnecessary in the development of integrated marketing system which targeting customer satisfaction. As a result, the quality of craft product is often ignored in the market and undermined as well by the consumers. This research aims to assess: (1) the constraints faced by craftsmen when proceeding to the packaging of their products, and (2) further analyze the condition of empirical packaging model that has been produced by loro blonyo artisans in Bobung village, Yogyakarta. This research case is very special, not a general one; therefore the used paradigm in this study is a descriptive-qualitative one. With regard to the data collection, few samples were taken from loro blonyo woodcraft workshops, purposively selected from as many as 15 existing SME. Data were collected using the technique such as (1) focused discussion (FGD), (2) direct observation, and (3) analysis of the contents of documents / records. Then, data were analyzed with theoretical models known as 4 P (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion) which is an interactive cycle through step reduction, data presentation, and verification. Results showed that from those 15 SMEs there are only 3 of them proceed in packaging their craft products that are available at the market. This is due to the constraints, among others, lack of tools, high costs, and lack professional human resources who can create the packaging design. The used materials include a blend of paper, plastic, and wood, using only batik motif as its main icon. As far as its functional aspect is concerned, most of the packaging has met the standard of effectiveness and efficiency, however, its outside appearance including graphic elements such as shape, color and overall dimensions have not yet responded to the visual appeal (aesthetic).

The driving forces behind Technology Education (TE) are teachers themselves. Technology Education across Africa is a key part of improving human resource development. TE offers a variety of benefits for the African continent. These benefits include improving education and knowledge sharing, as well as increasing exposure to innovation in order to improve the living conditions of the continent’s residents. If teachers are not equipped to teach TE as a process, the African continent will continue to show unacceptable results unless radical interventions are implemented. It is against this background that action research (AR) comes handy to emancipate TE teachers of five sampled schools from Mk1 Circuit in Limpopo Province of South Africa. AR was used as a means for radical interventions and it was implemented in South African schools. Some of the notable problems that contribute to the education crisis in South Africa are unqualified or underqualified teachers, large numbers of learners from disadvantaged backgrounds, inadequate delivery of infrastructure, incompetent teaching and poor learner results. The AR cycles and spirals activities of observing, planning, acting and reflecting manage to professionally develop TE teachers from low self-esteem of teaching TE to a remarkable increased TE didactic and pedagogic knowledge levels. The study was underpinned by Nash’s Equilibrium Theory (NET) and guided by developmental action paradigm (DAP). Reflective questionnaires, non-participative observation and interviews were used to collect data. Action research with technology teachers manages to close the technology pedagogic content knowledge gap.

Higher educational institutions of Kazakhstan place the utmost importance on the issues of general vocational education, including theoretical, experimental and methodological issues of pedagogical and psychological training students to work with orphans. Due to this, a modern solution to the problem of pedagogical and psychological training students is possible only by conducting a good research. Herein, the issue of training future teachers to work with orphans will be solved on the basis of gained knowledge and developed methods and approaches of pedagogy and psychology. Thereby, we consider the pedagogical and psychological training students to work with orphans as basic knowledge that have good influence on students individual and professional development. The goals of research are to investigate the level of training future counselors to work with orphans.

Food safety is becoming a key public health priority because a large number of people consume their meals outside their homes. As a result, they are exposed to food borne illnesses that originate from food stalls, restaurants and other food outlets. Hence the study focused on level of compliance of food handlers with national regulations on food hygiene and safety practices. The method used to collect data was participant observational checklist where the researcher had to go round with the workers during their daily chores. Simple random sampling was used to select 122 food handlers as participants in the study. Fast food outlets were also evaluated according to codified regulations and sixty food premises were observed for compliance using a checklist and compared with standards and the requirements prescribed by in Foodstuffs, Cosmetics and Disinfectants Act of 1972, regulation Data analysis involved descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and analysis was made based on the standards and the requirements prescribed by Regulation R962 of November 2012. The findings showed that food handlers observed personal hygiene by wearing clean uniforms, covering their heads with hair nets, and washed their hands, indicating that food handlers maintained accepted standards in terms of personal hygiene regulations. Regarding health surveillance practices majority of food handler were not medically examined regularly, however they reported illness to management when sick but some prepared food when they had cough and open sores on their hands. Concerning the food hygiene infrastructure the study revealed that majority of the fast food premises were designed to ensure good or proper hygiene. The provision of necessary basic hygiene infrastructure such as water, soap, sinks, toiletry and drying facilities was satisfactory. The study recommends that strict adherence to Regulations R962 be enforced to ensure and assure the preservation and maintenance of food safety.